![]() ![]() ![]() This review aims to evaluate the recent data on melatonin’s mechanisms, its clinical uses beyond sleep, safety concerns, and a thorough summary of therapeutic considerations concerning dietary supplementation, including the different formats available (animal, synthetic, and phytomelatonin), dosing, timing, contraindications, and nutrient combinations.ĭue to the interest in immune health prompted by the pandemic and its lasting effects on mental health and sleep disturbances, melatonin ( N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) has become a popular topic of media discussion as well as a research interest, with several publications steadily rising every year. The trend toward greater use of melatonin supplements has resulted in concern about its safety, especially higher doses, long-term use, and application in certain populations (e.g., children). In fact, there may be similarities between the widespread concern about vitamin D deficiency as a “sunlight deficiency” and reduced melatonin secretion as a result of “darkness deficiency” from overexposure to artificial blue light. ![]() ![]() Both act as hormones, affect multiple systems through their immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory functions, are found in the skin, and are responsive to sunlight and darkness. There are distinct similarities between melatonin and vitamin D in the depth and breadth of their impact on health. Research over the last decade into cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, fertility, PCOS, and many other conditions, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to greater awareness of melatonin because of its ability to act as a potent antioxidant, immune-active agent, and mitochondrial regulator. Melatonin has become a popular dietary supplement, most known as a chronobiotic, and for establishing healthy sleep. ![]()
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